Sidi Bou Said is a picturesque village on a hill, located 17 km from the city of Tunisia, at the foot of which the waves of the Gulf of Carthage lap. The main tourist attraction here is the game of rich contrasts: the snow-white walls of buildings in the company of piercing blue window frames, shutters and curly bars. In general, Sidi Bou Said is a living Impressionist canvas: splashes of bright pink bougainvilleas on white plaster, azure sky and…
Those who decide to celebrate the New Year in Egypt can be given some advice: – choose a hotel where there are our compatriots, then there will be an opportunity to celebrate the New Year both in local and Russian time – choose a hotel where there is a heated pool and try not to navigate to proximity to the sea, besides, remember that the closer the hotel is to the sea, the more expensive it will be – remember…
Tunisia is a country on the Mediterranean coast of North Africa. The smallest and most eastern country of the Maghreb. Common borders in the west with Algeria, in the southeast with Libya. The capital is Tunis. The climate is subtropical Mediterranean and tropical desert. The air temperature in winter is +10*С, in summer +30*С. The main population of the country is Arabs. 98% of the country’s population are Muslims. Winter time is 2 hours behind Moscow time, summer time is…
Johannesburg is the capital city of South Africa. He owes his appearance to the Australian gold digger George Harrison, who in 1886 discovered the largest gold mine in South Africa and founded the village, which was named Johannesburg. Thousands of gold miners flocked here. Three years later, the village became the main city of South Africa. Modern Johannesburg is one of the largest metropolises on the continent, the business, industrial and financial capital of South Africa. The head office of…
General information: According to SMBer, the island of Mayotte passed into the possession of France along with the rest of the Comoros in 1843. It was the only island in the archipelago that voted in 1974 to maintain its connection with France and renounced independence. Geography Location: South Africa, an island in the Mozambique Channel, about halfway from northern Madagascar to northern Mozambique. Geographical coordinates: 12° 50′ S. latitude, 45° 10′ E Reference map: Africa. Area: total: 374 km2; land…
South Africa is perhaps one of the most attractive countries on the continent. A vibrant mixture of diverse African cultures and European heritage, majestic nature and amazing wildlife, the legendary Cape of Good Hope, vast sultry deserts and nature reserves excite the imagination of travelers for many years. The Veld and the Dragon Mountains with their resorts can be called one of the most amazing natural monuments on the planet. This is the most economically developed country on the continent,…
Capital According to best-medical-schools, Tanzania has two capitals: the administrative center is the historical capital of Dar es Salaam (the largest city, about 4.3 million people), and the legislative center is Dodoma (about 410 thousand people). Population Tanzania is a colorful mixture of peoples and cultures. The population of the country is about 55.5 million people. Unlike many other African countries, Tanzania has avoided inter-ethnic conflicts. Climate and weather Tanzania is south of the equator, and due to its sheer…
Studies of ancient literature (in the Ge’ez language) continued copiously (editions and interpretation of texts, historical and literary and linguistic studies), essentially outside Ethiopia. The magical-religious and therapeutic literature in Ge’ez and Amharic has also been subjected to particular and in-depth research. Literature in modern languages has had considerable development, with the new socialist-Marxist regime sanctioning the right of each ethnic group to have its own written language. The first application of this recognition took place through the adoption of…
Of the languages currently spoken in Abyssinia and in the dependent regions, Amharic has almost exclusively assumed some literary importance. The hárari has its own small literature (especially poetic and juridical), which has not yet been illustrated. The tigrai was written only occasionally (for example, Statuto dei Loggo Sarda), other than what could have been written by the work or influence of Europeans. The other languages have nothing but oral literature, and what has been collected in writing (tigray, bileno,…
Extension and limits. – Regular international treaties concluded in recent decades with the European powers dominating the neighboring territories (Italy, France, England) have almost exactly defined the borders. As for the Eritrean-Ethiopian border, which goes from Ombrega sul Setit to Daddato, in Danakil, 60 km away. from the coast of the Red Sea, the point where the borders of French Somalia converge, please refer to what is said in the Eritrean entry. The border with French Somalia was conventionally established…
In 1270 Yekuno Amlāk (“May the Lord be for him”) took over the kingdom and founded the new Solomonid dynasty, moving the seat of the kingdom even further south, from Lāstā to Scioa (Šawā). Soon his successors had to face a bitter and very long struggle against the Muslims of the South. Indeed, as the Aksumite kingdom expanded towards the interior of the plateau from north to south, Muslim propaganda also advancing towards the plateau from east to west based…
The classic name of Ethiopia (from the Gr. Αἰϑίοψ “which has the face burned” from αἴϑω “I burn” and ὄψ “face”; toponym: Gr. Αἰϑιοπία [χώρα], Lat. Aethiopia [ regio ]) which already served to indicate all the part of the African continent south of Egypt and in a broader sense also all of eastern Africa, is used today to officially distinguish the great empire (Mangesta Ityopy ā) which, born in ancient times, knew, through struggles and various events, maintain autonomy…
In 1974 the negus was deposed and power was assumed by a committee of officers and soldiers (Derg), which abrogated the Constitution and created a Military Council chaired by A. Andom. Drastic measures were taken: proclamation of socialism, abolition of feudalism, nationalization of all lands, land reform with the aim of setting up cooperatives, nationalization of banks, insurance companies and foreign companies. Subsequent disputes within the Derg led to the killing of Andom and the same fate befell his successor…
Architecture. – From the end of the Second World War to today, from the return of the monarchy to the subsequent passage to the people’s revolutionary government, Ethiopia unfortunately it has always been in a position of weakness, its being a support economy. This is why the country, despite its huge past architectural heritage, cannot boast a contemporary national architecture, but must, also in this respect, refer to foreign interventions of an international character. However, the intervention plans for the…
Population. – According to surveys carried out by means of samples, the Ethiopian population in 1968 must have amounted to about 22,078,274 residents of rural areas and about 4,000,000 residents in urban centers, with a total total of about 26,000,000; an annual increase indicates the figure of 2.2%, which, in 1971, would have brought the total population to about 28 million; but these are very presumptive figures. The average population density is calculated at 22 residents per km 2, with…
Very ancient territorial, human and cultural entity of the Horn of Africa, which has its continuity in the modern State of Ethiopia. The historical heart of Ethiopia they are the highlands of the Center-North, which during the 1st millennium BC saw the settlement of groups of Semitic language, of South Arabian origin, which merged with native Cushites giving rise to the people called habashat (➔ Abyssinia). Strong were among the centuries. 4th and 1st BC South Arabian and Hellenistic influences….
PREHISTORY According to agooddir, the findings of fossil hominids from Ethiopia they are to be counted among the oldest and most important. Among the discoveries we should mention: the first fragment of hominid femur (site of Maka, 4-3.5 million years), the remains of the first Australopithecus afarensis (including the skeleton called Lucy by its discoverer, Don Johanson), dated around 2.8-2.7 million years (site of Hadar), and one of the first known settlements (Gomborè), dated around 1.7 -1.6 million years. The…
In the agricultural sector, companies have been set up which, with the help of foreign capital and technology, have started rational and mechanized cultivation, most of them in the Awàš river valley, falling under the leadership of the Awàš Valley Authority (in English: Awash Valley Authority – acronym AVA), established in 1962 by the Ethiopian state for the agricultural and industrial development of the river region. There are also experimental projects of government initiative, with the participation of foreign capital…
According to 800zipcodes, Ethiopia is a state of East Africa. It borders to the North with Eritrea, to the East with Somalia and the Republic of Djibouti, to the South with Kenya, to the West with South Sudan. The country, typically mountainous, can be briefly divided into three major morphological regions: the Ethiopian Highlands proper, the Danakil and the Galla-Somali Plateau. The base of the entire region is formed by eruptive and metamorphic pre-paleozoic crystalline rocks. This rocky substratum appears…
Egypt State of north-eastern Africa, which also extends into a territory traditionally considered to be Asia, E of the Suez isthmus (Sinai peninsula). Second great civilization of the Near East, the Egyptian one developed with characteristics in some respects similar to the Mesopotamian model, in the economy (agriculture based on irrigation, canalization of water, intense commercial relations with Mediterranean and Asian countries), in the division of labor and in the social stratification, in the pyramidal structure of power at the top…
According to indexdotcom, the Egyptian flora is poor, because it counts only 2000 species, approximately, of phanerogams: this is due to the physical aspect of the region, the periodic flooding of the Nile valley and the dryness of the surrounding deserts. Various zones can be distinguished in the vegetation of Egypt. First of all, a Mediterranean coastal area where there is a vegetation of small shrubs, but without those characteristic of the Mediterranean scrub and annual or perennial herbaceous plants…
For the chronology, the figures provided by Manetone (v.), At least as they were handed down to us, do not withstand the most tenuous critical examination; every correction is bizarre. Some Egyptian texts allude to the appearance of the star Sothis in certain years of reign and thanks to those the twelfth, eighteenth and nineteenth dynasties are astronomically fixed. The Stone of Palermo and the Papyrus of the kings preserved in Turin give the opportunity to estimate with great approximation,…
In the peoples inhabiting Egypt there is a group of African origin and a group of Asian origin (Chantre); to the former belong the Egyptians proper: Copts, Fellāḥ, the residents of the oasis of el-Khārǵāh and the groups from the south: Begia, Sudanese, etc. (v. Ethiopian Negroes); the Bedouin Arabs and other populations immigrated from Asia belong to the Asian group: Jews, Turks, Armenians, Syrians, etc. (see corresponding items). The peoples commonly known by the name of Egyptians largely occupy…
The long period of the ancient Egyptian civilization was in the decade 1950-60 illuminated – and sometimes very intensely – by a remarkable series of archaeological discoveries, which very rarely were of a fortuitous nature. On the contrary, it should be emphasized that the most significant innovations derive from areas that have been the subject of careful and organic research since the beginning of Egyptian archeology: that is, they are the result of a technical will and framed in a…
Since the proclamation of the Republic (1952) onwards, numerous projects have been prepared for the planning of about twenty cities with a total population of 7 million residents. These are the plans for the cities of Cairo, Alexandria, Port Said; in addition, 120 new villages have been built in the area of the great dam. Since 1965, each working-class neighborhood in Cairo has its own work area, so that the residents can carry out their work in the sector in…
MODERN ART In Egypt, where the beginning of modern art in the Western sense coincides with the opening of the School of Fine Arts in Cairo (1908), many schools and many styles have followed one another: from the Cairo academy, point of Later training of many artists of the Arab world, painters such as Yūsuf Kamāl and Muḥammad Nāǧī and the sculptor Maḥmud Muḥtār came out. Between 1937 and 1945 the most important Egyptian avant-garde group, Art and Freedom, found inspiration in…
Surface. – From 1 February 1958 it constitutes one of the two regions (Egyptian region) of the United Arab Republic (see below). The total land area of Egypt it is 1,230,000 km 2 (of which about 60,000 are in Asia; the Gaza area, under trusteeship, measures 202 km 2 and has about 310,000 residents); it is now divided administratively (see table) into five governorates, seventeen provinces (of which three: Kafr el Cheich, Sohâg and Luxor, recently established) and six border districts. Population. –…
Population. – According to the census of March 1937, the population of Egypt is 15,904,525 residents, Including 40,000 nomadic Bedouins. The birth rate remains very high (42.1 ‰ in 1933; 39.4 in 1935) compared to 26.5 and 25.1 mortality, so that the average annual vegetative growth amounts to about 14 ‰ and is between the highest that have been observed. Economic conditions. – According to ebizdir, despite the limitations that have been tried to introduce, cotton production continues to steadily…
The geological constitution of Egypt is very simple. In the Etbāi chain, whose northern offshoots go beyond the 28 ° lat. Between the Nile and the Red Sea, the most ancient precambric soils emerge, forming the backbone of the region: gneiss and crystalline schists, with intrusions of normal granites and amphibolic red granites, diorites, syenites – which derive their name from Siene, the current Aswan (Aswān) – and large concentrations of sometimes auriferous quartz. There were also reported ores of…
At the advent of Diocletian, Egypt went through one of its, now very rare, periods of quiet, but shortly after, Lucio Domizio Domiziano, commonly known as Achilleus, rose up and made himself recognized by the Alexandrians as emperor. Diocletian personally came to the area, besieged the city for eight months and finally stormed it, abandoning it to devastation and pillage. The same fate befell Coptic, Busiri and other cities that had supported the usurper. Given the great decline of agriculture…